This course is an application of approaches of plant molecular biology and plant biotechnology to systematically investigate the expression, regulation, and function of related gene clusters involved in plant growth, development, environmental adaptation, and metabolism. Strategies used to examine the changes of transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome in response to gene expression patterns include the detection of mRNA, protein and metabolite production, mutant selection, and integration of bioinformatic databases. Analysis of plant comparative genomics also provides important information for researches in plant improvement and breeding, medicinal plant and secondary metabolites, woody plant physiology and environment protection.