1.From Indigenous people to Western Colony Focus on: Pre-history and Early Civilization, The Dutch Colony, Spanish Formosa. 2.From a Colony to a part of Chinese Emperors Focus on: Koxinga’s Life, Zheng dynasty, Taiwan under Qing rule, Politics and International Trade, Civil Riots, Initial Modernization, Foreign Wars. 3.Japanese colonization Focus on: Treaty of Shimonoseki, Politics and Economy, Industry Modernization, Military Development, Southern Policy, the Pacific War. 4.Postwar until now Focus on: ROC government, Cold War and Taiwan Strait Crisis, Taiwan Relations Act, Modernization, Democratization movement, Multicultural societies and Cultural Heritages