The purposes of this course are critically selected and tested to instruct students effectively in the basic principles and techniques within microbiological areas. Course contents include the microscopic measurement of microorganisms, bacterial staining, media preparation, culture transfer techniques, techniques for isolation, cultivation, and inoculation of microorganisms, physiological and biochemical tests of microorganisms, determination of cell number of microorganisms, and evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of physical and chemical agents.