The aims of this course are to introduce the fundamental concepts, theories, principles, and practices of international conservation affairs, covering the protection and management of global biodiversity and natural resources. This field typically involves various stakeholders, including governments, non-governmental organizations, scientists, businesses, and communities. International conservation affairs are closely related to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) concerning biological resources, aiming to balance the relationship between economic development, social progress, and environmental protection to ensure the sustainable utilization of ecosystems and biodiversity. The main topics covered in this course include the protection of endangered species and habitats, combating illegal wildlife trade, climate change, global Net Zero carbon emissions, international cooperation and sharing of biological resources, international conservation action plans and case studies, international conservation policies and legal frameworks, as well as international conservation organizations and advocacy.