The purpose of this lab is to train students in the experimental techniques frequently used in plant cultivar identification, viral disease diagnosis, and GMO (genetically modified organism) product detection. Special techniques include DNA purification and gel electrophoresis, protein extraction and SDS-PAGE analysis, plant virus ELISA and RT-PCR diagnosis, microarray detection, and molecular marker (RAPD, ISSR, AFLP, and RFLP) application.