The course offers a general introductory text on the scope and basic principles for as well as the relevant concepts of environmental toxicology. The course contains a broad variety of topics in environmental toxicology and risk assessment, including the major classes of contaminants and their fate in environments and their biotransformation, detoxification and bioaccumulation, biochemical pathways, effects at the cellular, organ and individual levels. Experimental design and modeling approaches required for conducting exposure risk assessment are also be included.